A roofer is a skilled construction worker who installs, repairs, replaces and maintains roofs on homes, commercial buildings and other structures. Roofers work with asphalt shingles, metal, bitumen, tile and roofing membranes to keep buildings weatherproof.
The work covers two broad settings: residential and commercial roofing. Some roofers also specialize in flat roofs, metal roofing or roof repairs.
What Does a Roofer Do?
A roofer inspects, installs, repairs and replaces roofing systems. The work may include:
- Inspecting roofs for leaks, damage and deterioration
- Removing old roofing materials
- Replacing damaged plywood, roof decking or joists
- Installing shingles, metal panels, tiles or flat-roof membranes
- Adding insulation, vapor barriers and roof ventilation
- Sealing areas around chimneys, skylights, walls, vents and roof edges
- Repairing leaks and replacing damaged flashing
- Measuring the roof and calculating material requirements
- Cleaning up old materials and construction debris
The goal is a roof that keeps water out and withstands normal exposure to weather.
What Types of Roofs Do Roofers Work On?
Roofers work on several types of roofs and roofing systems:
| Roof Type | Common Materials |
|---|---|
| Steep-slope roofs | Asphalt shingles, slate, tile and metal |
| Low-slope roofs | Bitumen, modified bitumen, single-ply membranes and coatings |
| Residential roofs | Asphalt shingles, metal, tile and wood shakes |
| Commercial roofs | Built-up roofing, TPO, PVC, EPDM and other membrane systems |
Some roofers focus on residential roofing, while others work mainly on commercial buildings, flat roofs, metal roofing or repairs.
What Is the Difference Between a Roofer and a Roofing Contractor?
A roofer usually performs the physical roofing work, while a roofing contractor may manage the full project. A contractor may:
- Inspect the property
- Prepare the estimate
- Order materials
- Hire and supervise roofers
- Manage schedules and permits
- Coordinate inspections and warranties
A roofing contractor may be a roofer who runs a business or a company that employs several roofing crews.
When Should You Hire a Roofer?
You should contact a roofer if you notice:
- Missing, cracked or curling shingles
- Water stains on ceilings or walls
- Leaks around chimneys, skylights or vents
- Sagging areas on the roof
- Damaged flashing
- Excessive granules in gutters
- Storm, hail or wind damage
- A roof that is nearing the end of its expected service life
A roofer can assess the damage and recommend a small repair, partial replacement or complete replacement.
Is Roofing Dangerous Work?
Yes. Roofing involves climbing, lifting, bending and working at height. Roofers may also face fall hazards, hot surfaces, extreme weather, power tools and heavy materials. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration identifies falls and ladder hazards as major risks in roofing work. Fall protection and job-site safety procedures are essential.
How Do You Become a Roofer?
Most roofers learn through on-the-job training, although some enter the trade through an apprenticeship. In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics states that roofers typically do not need a formal educational credential. Employers may still require safety training and other qualifications.
Before You Hire a Roofer
Ask who will inspect the roof, prepare the estimate, supervise the work, handle permits and explain the warranty. Those responsibilities may belong to the roofing contractor rather than the individual roofer carrying out the installation or repair.